Wrecked my wheels. Looking for knowledge.

You've mixed the terms "rim" and "wheel", so I'm a little confused as to what you're really asking. But I'll toss out some info anyway.

You can most likely replace the rim without issue, but if the ERD (effective rim diameter -- the diameter of the where the spoke nipple rests) is different, you'll need to replace the spokes as well. If you replace it with the SAME make/model rim, or another one with the same ERD, you should be able to tape the new rim next to the old one (lining up the valve hole), and then just move the spokes/nipples from one rim to the other, moving around the rim. Be sure to loosen all the spokes most of the way (a couple turns at a time) before you do this -- DON'T try to just completely unwind each spoke individually. Then it's just a matter of patience and being methodical to get the wheel tensioned, round, and true. I STRONGLY suggest having a truing stand to do this. It can be done using the brake pads on the bike, and flipping the wheel often to make sure the rim stays centered, but it's not ideal and can give varying results.

Having a shop do this is generally not economically feasible -- it'd be cheaper to just replace the wheel (which may be what you're asking).

Truing up the rear wheel may just be a matter of doing some loosening and then re-tensioning to bring it back straight, round, and fully tensioned. But it may be bent more than this process will allow and remain a strong and durable wheel.

As for what wheels/rims? The world is your oyster there. I'd suggest some mid-weight, durable workhorse rims on likewise durable hubs (Shimano 105/Ultegra are great). I used to suggest Mavic Open 4CD/Open Pro (are these even still made? I have no idea), but there are so many now that it's just mind boggling. Bikehubstore.com has some great selections and good prices on their hubs and rims. They've got some nice 23mm wide rims that are all the rage, but be careful about the wider rims -- they may boost your tire profile beyond the clearance in your frame (23's get a width of something more like a 25).

After you've got the workhorse wheels squared away, you can look at things like a deep race front wheel and a rear cover.

Just my opinions. Hope that helps.

crashtopher, I've got a spare set of Felt TTR2 wheels that are 40mm deep, the rear was rebuilt with a FLO 11-spd hub and I have a DIY made disc cover for the rear.  If they sounds interesting to you take a look here for more info & pic's.